Fish Body Organs and Their Functions

Fish digestion tool consists of digestive tract and digestive gland. In general, the digestive tract of fish successively starting from the mouth segment, oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, pylorus, intestine, and anus. While the cells or digestive glands are in the stomach, liver, and pankeas. Digestive glands produce the enzymes needed in the digestive process in fish. Here is an explanation of the respiratory and digestive tools in fish.

Fish Body Organs and Their Functions
1. Fish Respiratory Device
Some true bony fish (eg goldfish), gills have a protective cover called an operculum. Gill is a breathing device found in many aquatic organisms, which serves to excrete oxygen dissolved in water and emit carbon dioxide. Gill in fish is not just a breathing device. Gills also functions as a means of salt excretion, food filters, ion exchange devices, and osmoregulators. The gills are located to the right and left of the fish's head, inside the gill cavity. On each side of the head, there are 5 - 7 sheets of gills. Each gill sheet is separated by a gill slit. The following are the parts of the gills:
Gill arch: comes from cartilage
Gill teeth: serves as a water filter while breathing
Filament or gill sheets: pink (as it contains blood capillary vessels), shaped like a comb. Filaments contain many lamellas (thin films).

The process of breathing in fish occurs in two phases, namely inspiration and expiration.
Inspiration. Air pressure of the oral cavity is smaller than the air pressure in the water - the water enters the oral cavity - the closed mouth cavity - the air entering the gills through open diffusions - the water flows through the gill slits, touches the filaments - Oxygen is bound to the blood capillaries - propagated to the tissues body.
Expiration. Carbon dioxide is brought from the body tissues - to the gills - removed from the body.

Some fish species (eg cork and catfish) have labyrinths of irregular cavities that are an upward expansion of the gills that make up the folds. This maze serves to store reserves of Oxygen so that fish can survive in conditions of minimal Oxygen. Another tool used to store Oxygen reserves is the bubble pool, which is located near the back.

2. Fish Digestion Tool
The digestive tract in fish starts from the oral cavity and ends in the anus. The structure and function of the digestive tract in fish can be explained as follows:

a. Fish Digestive Tract
Although the shape of the digestive tract of fish from front to back is almost the same, but still can be distinguished each part, as follows:
Mouth, on the jaw there are small teeth. The function of the mouth on the fish is as a means to include food. Foods by fish are not chewed or digested as in other vertebrate animals except for some species of plant-eating fish.
The larynx (pharynx), is a continuation of the oral cavity found in the area around the gills. The surface layer of the pharynx is almost the same as the oral cavity. If the ingested object is not food it will be removed through the gills
The esophagus is very short and is a continuation of the pharynx, cone-shaped and located behind the gill area. The esophagus is shaped like a pipe, containing mucus to help food ingestion. In the sea fish esophagus plays a role in the absorption of salt.
Stomach, is a continuation of the esophagus and a rather lengthened elongated channel. Stomach serves as a food container. In non-soaring fish the food storage function is replaced by the modified gut into an enlarged pouch.
Pylorus, pylorus serves as a regulator of food expenditure, in certain species, at the end of the ventricule there are puncture-shaped bulges called pylorus. This dead-end bag is useful for expanding the ventricular wall surface so that the digestion and absorption of food can be more perfect.
The intestine, shaped like a long, winding pipe and just as large, ends and empties out into the anal canal. The intestine is the longest part of the channel of contamination. At the front of the intestine there are two channels that enter into the channel coming from the gallbladder and that comes from the pancreas. The intestine serves as a food absorption.
Anus. Anus is the tip of the digestive tract. In the true bony fish the anus is located at the front of the genital tract. Anus serves to remove the remnants of digestion.

b. Digestive Glands
The heart, large, brownish red color, is located at the front of the body cavity and extends around the intestine. The function of the liver to produce bile stored in the gallbladder to membanfu process of digestion of fat.
Gall bladder,

AVOID VIOLENCE, THIS WAY TO HANDLE NAUGHTY CHILD

Students especially junior high school student is someone who is on the future development towards adulthood. The developmental stage of students at schools ranging from psychological, physical to have an ability to find new things that this can not be found at home. But there are often children do not behave according to the rules, whether the rules at school (discipline) and to the rules applicable in society .. Master, be it the subject teachers and homeroom and teachers BP has an obligation to straighten attitude naughty boy at school and in the community to provide children's education perfection.

Avoid Overcoming Juvenile Violence

Teachers should be avoided wherever possible violence, especially violence that can leave a scar on the students concerned. If this happens then the educators concerned will be affected by the legislation of Article 54 of Law No. 23 of 2001 on the protection of the Child which states: "Children at home and school environment must be protected from acts of violence committed by teachers, school administrators or friends in your school, or other educational institution.

Make Approach In Persuasive
One way to overcome such a child character in a way that is persuasive to approach by means of taking or giving a special close attention to the children. But attention that is given should not seem too excessive by other students. Sometimes delinquency / noise that they do in fact merely to get attention from us. so it's good we interacted with them goods a minutes just to show our concern and determine the cause of the problems of the child so that the child feels cared for and we can find a solution in dealing with the child.


Then dig the cause his naughtiness, what for lack of attention in the family or the influence of the environment he place. if a teacher has to know the background of why children inside and outside the classroom naughty, it is helpful in addressing the child's misbehavior.

Know Cause mischief
To try to overcome a bad boy at school, teachers should pay attention to the cause first. As a good teacher, you can not directly impose penalties on the child, because children generally a personal one innocent and have not found out what the real rogue. Son is a man who still do something on what is seen, heard and felt. So that the penalty is not the answer or the right solution to stop the mischief.

How this can be done by observing the behavior in the classroom. In this case, a teacher must be really patient while observing the deviant behavior of children. When it was discovered the cause of naughty children, whether entirely his fault or whether it is the child who started the problem with her is a question that must be answered from these observations. Once an answer is found, a teacher should encourage children to speak carefully and lovingly. Take him to talk in a warm atmosphere, and does not tend to be intimidating. Ask causes the child to do mischief. The cause of delinquency can be born in a family environment that inadvertently copied, television and others.

Question and answer session with the child and then delivered to the parents as well as the transfer of responsibility for the child given to a teacher. In this case, a teacher should give an appeal to parents so that what is seen, heard and felt by children are positive and do not lead to abuse both physically and greeting. How to overcome this bad boy should be accompanied by a self-correcting encourage fellow parent. So that education at home and at school children become conducive and effective. Within this discussion, the teacher should provide advice to not be hard on children to punish or yell at because of mischief. Because it could be deadly psychological aspects that influence in the future.


Go problem
Child is the most sensitive man with so innocently showing what is perceived and learned. In this case less sensitive and caring parents can be the cause of delinquency. Delinquency at school could constitute a form of attitude in the child asked for more attention to the people around him. If this is the case then the teacher should give more attention to the child as a substitute parent teacher at the school. How to overcome the brat is to consider all the needs, given its name, accompanied him when feeling lonely and speak softly to him. Every now and then give a hug, her hand and smile when talking interspersed deal.

Make sure that the teacher continues to monitor any this bad boy behavior inside and outside the school environment. Indeed, if the students do that outside the classroom is not the responsibility of the school or the teacher, but it must also be remembered if a student misbehave outside the classroom, the school name or teacher be get carried away. So to avoid such things to note is the need for cooperation of teachers and parents student. And teachers have formed a partnership with the parents in terms of monitoring the educational development of students is concerned.

Give Responsibility
There are quite a lot of factors that could cause our students become naughty in class. Either because they do not have something to occupy themselves. Therefore, try to give such responsibility, class president, noted the naughty students in class, or anything else within the bounds of reasonableness

Create a Learning Event Creative and Attractive
With an interesting learning activities will make naughty students become interested and follow the lessons with enthusiasm. because quite a lot of students who show misbehavior in the classroom / school due to the learning that is dull and less attractive may not even understand what was described by the teacher, then the task of a good teacher is to create learning interesting and active but still can make students understand the material being taught so that the enthusiasm of our students to the lesson we high

18 values ​​in character education by the Ministry of Education

Schoolash - 18 values ​​in character education by the Ministry of Education are:

1. Religious
Attitudes and behavior that dutifully in carrying out the teachings of their religion, tolerant implementation of the practice of other religions, and live in harmony with other faiths.

2. Honest
Behavior based on an attempt to make himself as a person who always trustworthy in word, action, and jobs.

3. Tolerance
Attitudes and actions that respects differences of religion, race, ethnicity, opinions, attitudes, and actions of others who are different from themselves.

4. Discipline
Actions showed orderly behavior and comply with various rules and regulations.

5. Work Hard
Actions showed orderly behavior and comply with various rules and regulations.

6. Creative
Think and do something to generate new ways or the result of something that has been owned.

7. Independent
Attitudes and behavior that is not easy to depend on others to complete tasks.

8. Democratic
Ways of thinking, being, and acting the same rights and obligations judging himself and others.

9. Curiosity
Attitudes and actions which seeks to determine the depth and spread of something learned, seen, and heard.

10. The spirit of Nationality
How to think, act, and sound that puts the interests of the nation above self-interest and group.

11. Love Homeland
How to think, act, and sound that puts the interests of the nation above self-interest and group.

12. Rewarding Achievement
Attitudes and actions that encourage him to produce something useful for society, and recognize and respect other people's success.

13. Friendly / Communicative
Attitudes and actions that encourage him to produce something useful for society, and recognize and respect other people's success.

14. Love Peace
Attitudes and actions that encourage him to produce something useful for society, and recognize and respect other people's success.

15. Joy of Reading
Habits take time to read a variety of literature that gives virtue for him.

16. Environmental Care
Attitudes and actions which seeks to prevent damage to the surrounding natural environment, and develop efforts to repair the environmental damage that has occurred.

17. Social Care
Attitudes and actions have always wanted to help other people and communities in need.

18. Responsibility
Attitudes and behavior of people to carry out his duties, he should do, to ourselves, community, environment (natural, social and cultural), country and God Almighty.

Source: Training Materials Reinforcement Learning Methodology Based Cultural Values ​​for Establishing Competitiveness and National Character, by the Center for Curriculum Department of National Education, 2010

Understanding Character Education According to Expert

Schoolash - Strengthening moral education (moral education) or educational character (character education) is very relevant in the present context to address the moral crisis that is sweeping our country. The crisis among others by increasing promiscuity, rampant levels of violence children and adolescents, crimes against friends, theft teens, the habit of cheating, drug abuse, pornography, and the destruction of property of others has become a social problem that until now has not been able to completely resolved, therefore, the importance of character education.
According Lickona, related to the concept of moral character (moral knonwing), moral attitudes (moral felling), and moral behavior (moral behavior). Based on these three components can dinyatakanbahwa character baikdidukung by the knowledge of the good, the desire to do good, and do deeds of kindness. Outlined below is a chart of the third kterkaitan this framework.

Understanding Character Education According to Expert
1. Character Education According Lickona
Simply put, the character education can be defined as any attempt to do to influence the character of the students. But to know the proper sense, it can be stated here the definition of character education delivered by Thomas Lickona. Lickona stated that the definition of character education is a deliberate attempt to help someone so that he can understand, pay attention, and do the ethical values ​​that core.
2. Character Education According to Suyanto
Suyanto (2009) defines the character as a way of thinking and behaving that is characteristic of each individual to live and work together, both within the family, community, nation, and state.
3. Character Education According Kertajaya
Character is the hallmark of which is owned by an object or individual. Characteristic is genuine and rooted in personality or individual objects, as well as an "engine" that drives how an act, behave, say, and respond to something (Kertajaya, 2010).
4. Character Education According to the Dictionary of Psychology
According to the dictionary of psychology, personality character is to be reviewed from the standpoint of ethical or moral, for example a person's honesty, and is usually associated with the properties are relatively fixed (Dali Gulo, 1982: p.29).
The values ​​in character education
There are 18 items the values ​​of character education, namely, Religious, Honest, Tolerance, Discipline, Work Hard, Creative, Independent, Democratic, Curiosity, Excitement Nationality, Love homeland, Appreciating the achievements, Friendly / communicative, Love Peace, Joy of reading , Care for the environment, social Caring, Responsibility.
More details on the values ​​of character education can be seen in the chart below
the values ​​of character education

18 Value Character Education
Character education has become a concern to many countries in order to prepare the next generation of quality, not just for the benefit of individual citizens, but also for the citizens as a whole. Character education can be defined as the deliberate us of all dimensions of school life to foster optimal character development (we deliberate effort of the entire dimension of the life of the school / madrasah to help the formation of character optimally.
Character education requires special methods appropriate for the purpose of education can be achieved. Among the appropriate learning method is an exemplary method, the method of habituation, and methods of praise and punishment.