Fish digestion tool consists of digestive tract and digestive gland. In general, the digestive tract of fish successively starting from the mouth segment, oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, pylorus, intestine, and anus. While the cells or digestive glands are in the stomach, liver, and pankeas. Digestive glands produce the enzymes needed in the digestive process in fish. Here is an explanation of the respiratory and digestive tools in fish.
Fish Body Organs and Their Functions
1. Fish Respiratory Device
Some true bony fish (eg goldfish), gills have a protective cover called an operculum. Gill is a breathing device found in many aquatic organisms, which serves to excrete oxygen dissolved in water and emit carbon dioxide. Gill in fish is not just a breathing device. Gills also functions as a means of salt excretion, food filters, ion exchange devices, and osmoregulators. The gills are located to the right and left of the fish's head, inside the gill cavity. On each side of the head, there are 5 - 7 sheets of gills. Each gill sheet is separated by a gill slit. The following are the parts of the gills:
Gill arch: comes from cartilage
Gill teeth: serves as a water filter while breathing
Filament or gill sheets: pink (as it contains blood capillary vessels), shaped like a comb. Filaments contain many lamellas (thin films).
The process of breathing in fish occurs in two phases, namely inspiration and expiration.
Inspiration. Air pressure of the oral cavity is smaller than the air pressure in the water - the water enters the oral cavity - the closed mouth cavity - the air entering the gills through open diffusions - the water flows through the gill slits, touches the filaments - Oxygen is bound to the blood capillaries - propagated to the tissues body.
Expiration. Carbon dioxide is brought from the body tissues - to the gills - removed from the body.
Some fish species (eg cork and catfish) have labyrinths of irregular cavities that are an upward expansion of the gills that make up the folds. This maze serves to store reserves of Oxygen so that fish can survive in conditions of minimal Oxygen. Another tool used to store Oxygen reserves is the bubble pool, which is located near the back.
2. Fish Digestion Tool
The digestive tract in fish starts from the oral cavity and ends in the anus. The structure and function of the digestive tract in fish can be explained as follows:
a. Fish Digestive Tract
Although the shape of the digestive tract of fish from front to back is almost the same, but still can be distinguished each part, as follows:
Mouth, on the jaw there are small teeth. The function of the mouth on the fish is as a means to include food. Foods by fish are not chewed or digested as in other vertebrate animals except for some species of plant-eating fish.
The larynx (pharynx), is a continuation of the oral cavity found in the area around the gills. The surface layer of the pharynx is almost the same as the oral cavity. If the ingested object is not food it will be removed through the gills
The esophagus is very short and is a continuation of the pharynx, cone-shaped and located behind the gill area. The esophagus is shaped like a pipe, containing mucus to help food ingestion. In the sea fish esophagus plays a role in the absorption of salt.
Stomach, is a continuation of the esophagus and a rather lengthened elongated channel. Stomach serves as a food container. In non-soaring fish the food storage function is replaced by the modified gut into an enlarged pouch.
Pylorus, pylorus serves as a regulator of food expenditure, in certain species, at the end of the ventricule there are puncture-shaped bulges called pylorus. This dead-end bag is useful for expanding the ventricular wall surface so that the digestion and absorption of food can be more perfect.
The intestine, shaped like a long, winding pipe and just as large, ends and empties out into the anal canal. The intestine is the longest part of the channel of contamination. At the front of the intestine there are two channels that enter into the channel coming from the gallbladder and that comes from the pancreas. The intestine serves as a food absorption.
Anus. Anus is the tip of the digestive tract. In the true bony fish the anus is located at the front of the genital tract. Anus serves to remove the remnants of digestion.
b. Digestive Glands
The heart, large, brownish red color, is located at the front of the body cavity and extends around the intestine. The function of the liver to produce bile stored in the gallbladder to membanfu process of digestion of fat.
Gall bladder,
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